| Trumpington Local History Group Trumpington Timeline: 1601 - 1700 |
| Copyright © Trumpington Local History Group, 2011. Updated 25 October 2011. Email: admin@trumpingtonlocalhistorygroup.org |
Edited by Andrew Roberts
Trumpington's history in the 17th century, including the Civil War and the
rebuilding of Anstey Hall. One of a series of pages with Trumpington's
timeline.
Trumpington's history in the 17th century, including the Civil War and the
rebuilding of Anstey Hall. One of a series of pages with Trumpington's
timeline.
Early 17th century
The Coach & Horses public house: the original two
storey building, dating from the early 17th century,
was timber-framed and plastered, with a tiled roof,
attics and cellars.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the
Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII.
Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington,
page 250.
Local History Group web page: The Coach &
Horses
The Coach & Horses public house: the original two
storey building, dating from the early 17th century,
was timber-framed and plastered, with a tiled roof,
attics and cellars.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the
Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII.
Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington,
page 250.
Local History Group web page: The Coach &
Horses
1637
The Thompson family acquire Anstey Hall, owned by Thompson's from 1637-1748.
Sources of information: Pevsner, Nicholas (1970). Cambridgeshire. The Buildings of England.
The Thompson family acquire Anstey Hall, owned by Thompson's from 1637-1748.
Sources of information: Pevsner, Nicholas (1970). Cambridgeshire. The Buildings of England.
| The Coach & Horses when a Tolly house. Source: Cambridgeshire Collection, Cambridge Central Library. Reproduced in Trumpington Past & Present, p. 70. |
1610
Completion of work to alter the line of the stream
on the eastern side of the village, including Vicar's
Brook, to form Hobson's Brook, running from
Nine Wells through Trumpington to Hobson's
Conduit, providing a water supply into Cambridge.
In 1610, Thomas Chaplyn [Chaplin], the Lord of
the Manor of Trumpington, signed a "tripartite
agreement" with the town and the university giving
them rights over the newly made watercourse.
Sources of information: Bushell, W.D. (1938).
Hobson's Conduit. The New River at Cambridge
Commonly Called Hobson's River. Gray, E.A.
(1977). Hobson's Conduit, the Story of a
Cambridgeshire Chalk Stream. The Victoria
History of the Counties of England (1959). The
History of the County of Cambridge & the Isle of
Ely. Volume III. The City and University of
Cambridge. Public Health, page 102-03. The
Victoria History of the Counties of England (1982).
A History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely,
Volume VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds.
Trumpington, pages 249, 252.
Local History Group web pages: Introduction to
Hobson's Brook and Hobson's Conduit. Hobson's
Conuit: the First 400 Years.
Completion of work to alter the line of the stream
on the eastern side of the village, including Vicar's
Brook, to form Hobson's Brook, running from
Nine Wells through Trumpington to Hobson's
Conduit, providing a water supply into Cambridge.
In 1610, Thomas Chaplyn [Chaplin], the Lord of
the Manor of Trumpington, signed a "tripartite
agreement" with the town and the university giving
them rights over the newly made watercourse.
Sources of information: Bushell, W.D. (1938).
Hobson's Conduit. The New River at Cambridge
Commonly Called Hobson's River. Gray, E.A.
(1977). Hobson's Conduit, the Story of a
Cambridgeshire Chalk Stream. The Victoria
History of the Counties of England (1959). The
History of the County of Cambridge & the Isle of
Ely. Volume III. The City and University of
Cambridge. Public Health, page 102-03. The
Victoria History of the Counties of England (1982).
A History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely,
Volume VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds.
Trumpington, pages 249, 252.
Local History Group web pages: Introduction to
Hobson's Brook and Hobson's Conduit. Hobson's
Conuit: the First 400 Years.
| Hobson's Brook, looking north near the track from the allotments to Addenbrooke's Hospital and Nine Wells, Clay Farm. Photo: Andrew Roberts, August 2007. |
1662-89
A national Hearth Tax was introduced in 1662 and abolished in 1689, collected half-yearly at
the rate of 1s for each hearth in the homes of all but poor families. The Hearth Tax assessments
consisted of lists of persons and the number of hearths. The records for Cambridgeshire survive
at The National Archives from 1662-66 and 1669-74. For Trumpington:
the Michaelmas 1662 list has 57 entries referring to 145 hearths;
the Michaelmas 1664 list has 67 entries for 157 hearths;
the Lady Day 1666 list has 64 entries and 151 hearths;
the Lady Day 1674 list has 65 entries for 167 hearths.
The majority of the entries in these four lists are for properties with 1 hearth. At the other
extreme, there is one property consistently listed with 16 hearths, occupied by James Whitlock
Gent in 1664 ('Trumpington Hall', where Mary Pychard had married James Whitelocke in
1657). The second highest property varies between 9 and 13 hearth and probably refers to
Anstey Hall, as James Tompson Gen was the occupier of the 13 hearth entry in 1664 ('Anstey
Hall', where John Bacchus had sold Huntingdons to James Thompson in 1637). There was a 9
hearth property occupied by John Baron Gen in 1664 (Thomas Chaplyn sold his manor to John
Baron in 1615).
Sources of information: Evans, Nesta and Rose, Susan (2000). Cambridgeshire Hearth Tax
Returns Michaelmas 1664. London: British Record Society. Pages lxxviii and 305-06. Kirby,
Tony and Oosthuizen, Susan (eds.) (2000). An Atlas of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire
History. Cambridge: Anglia Polytechnic University. Map 48. The Victoria History of the
Counties of England (1959). The History of the County of Cambridge & the Isle of Ely.
Volume III. The City and University of Cambridge. Hearth Tax Assessments, page 500. The
Victoria History of the Counties of England (1982). A History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle
of Ely, Volume VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington, pages 252-55.
A national Hearth Tax was introduced in 1662 and abolished in 1689, collected half-yearly at
the rate of 1s for each hearth in the homes of all but poor families. The Hearth Tax assessments
consisted of lists of persons and the number of hearths. The records for Cambridgeshire survive
at The National Archives from 1662-66 and 1669-74. For Trumpington:
the Michaelmas 1662 list has 57 entries referring to 145 hearths;
the Michaelmas 1664 list has 67 entries for 157 hearths;
the Lady Day 1666 list has 64 entries and 151 hearths;
the Lady Day 1674 list has 65 entries for 167 hearths.
The majority of the entries in these four lists are for properties with 1 hearth. At the other
extreme, there is one property consistently listed with 16 hearths, occupied by James Whitlock
Gent in 1664 ('Trumpington Hall', where Mary Pychard had married James Whitelocke in
1657). The second highest property varies between 9 and 13 hearth and probably refers to
Anstey Hall, as James Tompson Gen was the occupier of the 13 hearth entry in 1664 ('Anstey
Hall', where John Bacchus had sold Huntingdons to James Thompson in 1637). There was a 9
hearth property occupied by John Baron Gen in 1664 (Thomas Chaplyn sold his manor to John
Baron in 1615).
Sources of information: Evans, Nesta and Rose, Susan (2000). Cambridgeshire Hearth Tax
Returns Michaelmas 1664. London: British Record Society. Pages lxxviii and 305-06. Kirby,
Tony and Oosthuizen, Susan (eds.) (2000). An Atlas of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire
History. Cambridge: Anglia Polytechnic University. Map 48. The Victoria History of the
Counties of England (1959). The History of the County of Cambridge & the Isle of Ely.
Volume III. The City and University of Cambridge. Hearth Tax Assessments, page 500. The
Victoria History of the Counties of England (1982). A History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle
of Ely, Volume VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington, pages 252-55.
1642-48
Cambridgeshire supported Parliament during the Civil War and the countryside was a Puritan
stronghold although there was little military action. In 1647, King Charles I came to
Trumpington while held as a prisoner of the army, staying at Hinchinbrooke and Childerley.
Sources of information: Kirby, Tony and Oosthuizen, Susan (eds.) (2000). An Atlas of
Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire History. Cambridge: Anglia Polytechnic University.
Map 53.The Victoria History of the Counties of England (1959). The History of the County of
Cambridge & the Isle of Ely. Volume III. The City and University of Cambridge. Modern
History, page 17-19.
Cambridgeshire supported Parliament during the Civil War and the countryside was a Puritan
stronghold although there was little military action. In 1647, King Charles I came to
Trumpington while held as a prisoner of the army, staying at Hinchinbrooke and Childerley.
Sources of information: Kirby, Tony and Oosthuizen, Susan (eds.) (2000). An Atlas of
Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire History. Cambridge: Anglia Polytechnic University.
Map 53.The Victoria History of the Counties of England (1959). The History of the County of
Cambridge & the Isle of Ely. Volume III. The City and University of Cambridge. Modern
History, page 17-19.
1643/44
Destruction of religious imagery during the Civil War: William Dowsing (1596-1668) was
appointed by the Earl of Manchester as Commissioner for removing the monuments to idolatry
and superstition from churches in Cambridgeshire and Suffolk. He was appointed in December
1643 and visited 250 churches and chapels in 1643-44, including Trumpington Parish Church
on 5 March 1643/44: "March 5, Trumpington, 3 superstitious pictures, the steps to be levelled,
which Mr Thomson, to whom we gave order to do it, refused." The brass to Sir Roger had
already lost its marginal inscription before Dowsing's visit.
Sources of information: Cooper, Trevor (2001). The Journal of William Dowsing. Iconoclasm
in East Anglia during the English Civil War.
Destruction of religious imagery during the Civil War: William Dowsing (1596-1668) was
appointed by the Earl of Manchester as Commissioner for removing the monuments to idolatry
and superstition from churches in Cambridgeshire and Suffolk. He was appointed in December
1643 and visited 250 churches and chapels in 1643-44, including Trumpington Parish Church
on 5 March 1643/44: "March 5, Trumpington, 3 superstitious pictures, the steps to be levelled,
which Mr Thomson, to whom we gave order to do it, refused." The brass to Sir Roger had
already lost its marginal inscription before Dowsing's visit.
Sources of information: Cooper, Trevor (2001). The Journal of William Dowsing. Iconoclasm
in East Anglia during the English Civil War.
1650s
Construction of houses near the Church, including 'Dated
Cottage' (18 Grantchester Road), which is said to date from
1654. This date was on a plaque on its frontage in the 1950s.
Local History Group web page: Brian Goodliffe's
recollections of living in Trumpington in the 1950s.
Construction of houses near the Church, including 'Dated
Cottage' (18 Grantchester Road), which is said to date from
1654. This date was on a plaque on its frontage in the 1950s.
Local History Group web page: Brian Goodliffe's
recollections of living in Trumpington in the 1950s.
c. 1700
Building of the current Anstey Hall,
incorporating a 16th century house. Owned by
the Thompson family 1637-1748; the Anstey
family, 1748-1838; and the Foster family,
1838-1941.
Sources of information: Pevsner, Nicholas
(1970). Cambridgeshire. The Buildings of
England. The Victoria History of the Counties
of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume
VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds.
Trumpington, page 267.
Building of the current Anstey Hall,
incorporating a 16th century house. Owned by
the Thompson family 1637-1748; the Anstey
family, 1748-1838; and the Foster family,
1838-1941.
Sources of information: Pevsner, Nicholas
(1970). Cambridgeshire. The Buildings of
England. The Victoria History of the Counties
of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume
VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds.
Trumpington, page 267.
| 'Dated Cottage', 18 Grantchester Road, from Grantchester Road, with a Sun-Fire Insurance Company plaque and the 1654 date. Photo: Brian Goodliffe's family, July 1957. |
1661
Isaac Newton a student at Trinity College, appointed Lucasian Professor in 1669
Isaac Newton a student at Trinity College, appointed Lucasian Professor in 1669
1667
The location and date of origin the White Lion public house is unknown, but it was recorded in
1667 and 1764.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds.
Trumpington, page 250.
Local History Group web page: The White Lion public house.
The location and date of origin the White Lion public house is unknown, but it was recorded in
1667 and 1764.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds.
Trumpington, page 250.
Local History Group web page: The White Lion public house.
1676-
Building of Wren Library, Trinity College.
Building of Wren Library, Trinity College.
1676
The Compton Religious Census was carried out across the country, with questions about the
number of persons in each parish. Southern Cambridgeshire was one of the centres of religious
dissent. There were 10 or more dissenters in Trumpington, which was part of a Congregational
Circuit.
Sources of information: Kirby, Tony and Oosthuizen, Susan (eds.) (2000). An Atlas of
Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire History. Cambridge: Anglia Polytechnic University.
Map 51.
The Compton Religious Census was carried out across the country, with questions about the
number of persons in each parish. Southern Cambridgeshire was one of the centres of religious
dissent. There were 10 or more dissenters in Trumpington, which was part of a Congregational
Circuit.
Sources of information: Kirby, Tony and Oosthuizen, Susan (eds.) (2000). An Atlas of
Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire History. Cambridge: Anglia Polytechnic University.
Map 51.
1675
The Pemberton family became owners of Trumpington Hall when Sir Francis Pemberton (bap.
1624, d. 1697) purchased the manor of Trumpington from the heirs of the Pychard or Pitcher
family. Sir Francis was a leading judge who was knighted in 1675 and made a Privy Councillor
and Chief Justice of Common Pleas in 1682-83.
Sources of information: Halliday, Paul D. (2008). 'Pemberton, Sir Francis (bap. 1624, d.
1697)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. The Victoria History of the Counties of
England (1982). A History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII. Armingford
and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington, page 253.
Local History Group web page: Trumpington Hall and the Pemberton Family.
The Pemberton family became owners of Trumpington Hall when Sir Francis Pemberton (bap.
1624, d. 1697) purchased the manor of Trumpington from the heirs of the Pychard or Pitcher
family. Sir Francis was a leading judge who was knighted in 1675 and made a Privy Councillor
and Chief Justice of Common Pleas in 1682-83.
Sources of information: Halliday, Paul D. (2008). 'Pemberton, Sir Francis (bap. 1624, d.
1697)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. The Victoria History of the Counties of
England (1982). A History of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII. Armingford
and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington, page 253.
Local History Group web page: Trumpington Hall and the Pemberton Family.
1679
William Austin left a bequest for four poor children to be
taught free of charge until they could easily read the
Bible. There is a plaque to commemorate his bequest in
the Parish Church.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the
Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII.
Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington, page
266.
Local History Group web page: Education and schools in
Trumpington
William Austin left a bequest for four poor children to be
taught free of charge until they could easily read the
Bible. There is a plaque to commemorate his bequest in
the Parish Church.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the
Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII.
Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington, page
266.
Local History Group web page: Education and schools in
Trumpington
1681
Thomas Allen bequest for four boys to be apprentices.
There is also a plaque to commemorate his bequest in the
Parish Church.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the
Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII.
Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington, page
267.
Local History Group web page: Education and schools in
Trumpington
Thomas Allen bequest for four boys to be apprentices.
There is also a plaque to commemorate his bequest in the
Parish Church.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the
Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII.
Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds. Trumpington, page
267.
Local History Group web page: Education and schools in
Trumpington
1686
The Black Swan public house appears in records dated 1686 and 1704 and was almost certainly
on the High Street.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds.
Trumpington, page 250.
Local History Group web page: The Black Swan public house.
The Black Swan public house appears in records dated 1686 and 1704 and was almost certainly
on the High Street.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the Counties of England (1982). A History of
Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely, Volume VIII. Armingford and Thriplow Hundreds.
Trumpington, page 250.
Local History Group web page: The Black Swan public house.
1697
Death of Sir Francis Pemberton, buried in Highgate
Chapel. Sir Francis's memorial was moved to the Parish
Church when the chapel was demolished in 1833.
Sources of information: Halliday, Paul D. (2008).
'Pemberton, Sir Francis (bap. 1624, d. 1697)', Oxford
Dictionary of National Biography. Ambrose, Tom (2006).
St Mary & St Michael Trumpington. p. 8-9.
Death of Sir Francis Pemberton, buried in Highgate
Chapel. Sir Francis's memorial was moved to the Parish
Church when the chapel was demolished in 1833.
Sources of information: Halliday, Paul D. (2008).
'Pemberton, Sir Francis (bap. 1624, d. 1697)', Oxford
Dictionary of National Biography. Ambrose, Tom (2006).
St Mary & St Michael Trumpington. p. 8-9.
| The south front of Anstey Hall. Photo: Andrew Roberts, September 2009. |
| Anstey Hall, built c. 1700. From a photograph used by Percy Robinson during lectures in the 1920s-1940s. |
| Map of the Vicar's Brook, Hobson's Brook and Hobson's Conduit, extracted from Bushell, W.D. (1938). Hobson's Conduit. The New River at Cambridge Commonly Called Hobson's River, facing page 5. |
1653
The first coach service from Cambridge to London.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the Counties of England (1959). The History of
the County of Cambridge & the Isle of Ely. Volume III. The City and University of
Cambridge. City of Cambridge, page 1.
The first coach service from Cambridge to London.
Sources of information: The Victoria History of the Counties of England (1959). The History of
the County of Cambridge & the Isle of Ely. Volume III. The City and University of
Cambridge. City of Cambridge, page 1.
17th century
Cambridgeshire was a predominantly arable county, one of the last in England to be enclosed.
The main crop was corn, inclusing barley for the London food market and for malt for brewing,
with grassland on heavier clay soils. Unlike Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, there was no industry.
There was a relative lack of prosperity, with few great houses and most parishes limited to one
or two minor gentlemen.
Sources of information: Evans, Nesta and Rose, Susan (2000). Cambridgeshire Hearth Tax
Returns, Michaelmas 1664. London: British Record Society. Pages xix-xxii, xxx-xxxiv.
Cambridgeshire was a predominantly arable county, one of the last in England to be enclosed.
The main crop was corn, inclusing barley for the London food market and for malt for brewing,
with grassland on heavier clay soils. Unlike Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk, there was no industry.
There was a relative lack of prosperity, with few great houses and most parishes limited to one
or two minor gentlemen.
Sources of information: Evans, Nesta and Rose, Susan (2000). Cambridgeshire Hearth Tax
Returns, Michaelmas 1664. London: British Record Society. Pages xix-xxii, xxx-xxxiv.
1675
The national road network was developing, including the route
from London to King's Lynn. John Ogilby published
Britannia, with 100 strip maps showing routes from one part
of the country to another. Route 43 is from Puckridge to
Cambridge and King's Lynn, including the journey through
Trumpington. Approaching from the south, the road goes past
'Hawkston', 'Has... mill' and a 'hawthorn tree' with an 'open
way on each side'. Between Trumpington and Cambridge, it
continues through 'arrable land', 'pasture', 'open way on each
side' and into Cambridge.
Sources of information: John Ogilby's Britannia, 1675
(reproduction of 1939 facsimile). Kirby, Tony and
Oosthuizen, Susan (eds.) (2000). An Atlas of Cambridgeshire
and Huntingdonshire History. Cambridge: Anglia Polytechnic
University. Map 46.
The national road network was developing, including the route
from London to King's Lynn. John Ogilby published
Britannia, with 100 strip maps showing routes from one part
of the country to another. Route 43 is from Puckridge to
Cambridge and King's Lynn, including the journey through
Trumpington. Approaching from the south, the road goes past
'Hawkston', 'Has... mill' and a 'hawthorn tree' with an 'open
way on each side'. Between Trumpington and Cambridge, it
continues through 'arrable land', 'pasture', 'open way on each
side' and into Cambridge.
Sources of information: John Ogilby's Britannia, 1675
(reproduction of 1939 facsimile). Kirby, Tony and
Oosthuizen, Susan (eds.) (2000). An Atlas of Cambridgeshire
and Huntingdonshire History. Cambridge: Anglia Polytechnic
University. Map 46.
| John Ogilby’s Britannia, 1675, part of Route 43. |
| Timeline pages 1000- 1- 1001- 1501- 1601- 1701- 1801- 1851- 1901- 1951- 2001- 0 BC 1000 AD 1500 1600 1700 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 present |
| Monument to Sir Francis Pemberton (d. 1697) in the North Chapel, Trumpington Church. Photo: Andrew Roberts, October 2011. |
| Plaque commemorating charitable donations by Thomas Allen and John Baron, 1681, Trumpington Church. Photo: Andrew Roberts, October 2011. |
| Plaque commemorating charitable donations by William Austin, Francis Rowney and John Pecke, Trumpington Church. Photo: Andrew Roberts, October 2011. |